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Irs v. McDermott, No. 507 U.S. 447 (1993)
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General SummaryThis case is from a collection containing the full text of over 16,000 Supreme Court cases from 1793 to the present. The body of Supreme Court decisions are, effectively, the final interpretation of the Constitution. Only an amendment to the Constitution can permanently overturn an interpretation and this has happened only four times in American history.
Irs v. McDermott, No. 507 U.S. 447 (1993)
United States By and Through Internal Revenue Service v. McDermott No. 91-1229 Argued Dec. 7, 1982 Decided March 24, 1993 507 U.S. 447
CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
Syllabus
The United States’ federal tax lien on the respondent McDermotts’ property applied to after-acquired property, Glass City Bank v. United States, 326 U.S. 265, but could "not be valid as against any . . . judgment lien creditor until notice thereof . . . has been filed," 26 U.S.C. §§ 6323(a). Before that lien was filed with the Salt Lake County Clerk, a bank docketed a state court judgment it had won against the McDermotts, thereby creating a state law judgment lien on all of their existing or after-acquired real property in the county. After both liens were filed, the McDermotts acquired certain real property in the county and brought this interpleader action. The District Court awarded priority in that property to the bank’s lien. The Court of Appeals affirmed.
Held: A federal tax lien filed before a delinquent taxpayer acquires real property must be given priority in that property over a private creditor’s previously filed judgment lien. Priority for purposes of federal law is governed by the common law principle that "`the first in time is the first in right.’" United States v. New Britain, 347 U.S. 81, 85. A state lien that competes with a federal lien is deemed to be in existence for "first in time" purposes only when it has been "perfected" in the sense that, inter alia, "the property subject to the lien [is] established." Id. at 84. Because the bank’s judgment lien did not actually attach to the property at issue until the McDermotts acquired rights in that property, which occurred after the United States filed its tax lien, the bank’s lien was not perfected before the federal filing. See id. at 84-86. United States v. Vermont, 377 U.S. 351, distinguished. It is irrelevant that the federal lien similarly did not attach and become perfected until the McDermotts acquired the property, since § 6323(c)(1) demonstrates that such a lien is ordinarily dated, for purposes of "first in time" priority against § 6323(a) competing interests, from the time of its filing. Pp. 449-455.
945 F.2d 1475 (CA10 1991), reversed and remanded.
SCALIA, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which REHNQUIST, C.J., and WHITE, BLACKMUN, KENNEDY, and SOUTER, JJ., joined. THOMAS, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which STEVENS and O’CONNOR, JJ., joined, post, p. 455.
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Chicago: U.S. Supreme Court, "Syllabus," Irs v. McDermott, No. 507 U.S. 447 (1993) in 507 U.S. 447 507 U.S. 448. Original Sources, accessed November 22, 2024, http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=ZCZCDI2JVEMBDSV.
MLA: U.S. Supreme Court. "Syllabus." Irs v. McDermott, No. 507 U.S. 447 (1993), in 507 U.S. 447, page 507 U.S. 448. Original Sources. 22 Nov. 2024. http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=ZCZCDI2JVEMBDSV.
Harvard: U.S. Supreme Court, 'Syllabus' in Irs v. McDermott, No. 507 U.S. 447 (1993). cited in 1993, 507 U.S. 447, pp.507 U.S. 448. Original Sources, retrieved 22 November 2024, from http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=ZCZCDI2JVEMBDSV.
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