United States v. Lanza, 260 U.S. 377 (1922)

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United States v. Lanza

No. 39

Argued November 23, 1922
Decided December 11, 1922
260 U.S. 377

ERROR TO THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON

Syllabus

1. The second section of the Eighteenth Amendment, declaring "[t]he Congress and the several states shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation," means that power to take legislative measures to make the policy of the amendment effective shall exist in Congress in respect of the territorial limits of the United States, and that, at the same time, the like power of the several states within their territorial limits shall not cease to exist. P. 381.

2. The Amendment did not displace or cut down state laws consistent with it. P. 381.

3. The Amendment is not, properly speaking, the source of the state prohibitory power, but rather, its effect is to put an end to restrictions on the state’s power arising from the federal Constitution, and to leave the state free to enact prohibition laws applying to all transactions within her limits. P. 381.

4. When the same act is an offense against both state and federal governments, its prosecution and punishment by the latter, after prosecution and punishment by the former, is not double jeopardy within the Fifth Amendment. P. 382.

5. In the absence of special provision by Congress to the contrary, conviction and punishment in a state court under a state law for making, transporting, and selling intoxicating liquors is not a bar to a prosecution in a court of the United States under the National Prohibition Law for the same acts. P. 385.

268 F. 864 reversed.

Error to an order of the district court sustaining a special plea in bar and dismissing five counts of an indictment.