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Westward Expansion and the War of 1812, 1803-1820
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General SummaryThe 40-gun frigate Chesapeake, in 1807 under Captain Barron, had been overhauled and searched by officers of the 52-gun British flagship Leopard. Six years later, armed with 50 guns, and under Captain Lawrence, she fights with the Shannon, under Captain Broke, an engagement that had all the punctiliousness of a duel. The Shannon had a consort-ship; Broke sent her away, to make the odds even, and after the equivalent of courteous challenge, Lawrence accepted battle. \n His crew, however, were unequal in experience to Barron’s men (the most of whom had been for seven years under the same officers) and though they made fierce resistance, the Chesapeake was obliged to strike her colors. \n This report of the engagement between the Chesapeake and the Shannon to the Secretary of the Navy is dated from Halifax, June 15, 1813.
The Engagement of the "Chesapeake" and the "Shannon"
THE unfortunate death of Captain James Lawrence, and Lieutenant Augustus C. Ludlow has rendered it my duty to inform you of the capture of the late United States’ frigate Chesapeake.
On Tuesday, June 1st, at 8 A.M. we unmoored ship, and at meridian got under weigh from President’s Roads, with a light wind from the southward and westward, and proceeded on a cruise. A ship was then in sight in the offing, which had the appearance of a ship of war, and which, from information received from pilot-boats and craft, we believed to be the British frigate Shannon. We made sail in chase, and cleared ship for action. At half past 4 P. M. she hove to with her head to the southward and eastward. At 5 P. M. took in the royals and top-gallant sails, and at half past 5, hauled the courses up. About 15 minutes before 6 P. M. the action commenced within pistol shot. The first broadside did great execution on both sides, damaged our rigging, killed, among others, Mr. White the sailing master, and wounded Captain Lawrence. In about 12 minutes after the commencement of the action, we fell on board of the enemy, and immediately after, one of our arm chests on the quarterdeck was blown up by a hand-grenade thrown from the enemy’s ship. In a few minutes, one of the captain’s aids came on the gun-deck to inform me that the boarders were called. I immediately called the boarders away, and proceeded to the spar-deck, where I found that the enemy had succeeded in boarding us, and gained possession of our quarter-deck. I immediately gave orders to haul on board the fore-tack, for the purpose of shooting the ship clear of the other, and then made an attempt to regain the quarter-deck, but was wounded and thrown down on the gun-deck. I again made an effort to collect the boarders, but in the meantime the enemy had gained complete possession of the ship. On my being carried down in the cockpit, I there found Captain Lawrence and Lieutenant Ludlow, both mortally wounded; the former had been carried below, previously to the ship’s being boarded; the latter was wounded in attempting to repel the boarders Among those who fell early in the action, was Mr. Edward J. Ballard, the 4th Lieutenant, and Lieutenant James Broom, of marines.
I herein enclose you a return of the killed and wounded, by which you will perceive that every officer, upon whom the charge of the ship would devolve, was either killed or wounded, previously to her capture. The enemy report the loss of Mr. Watt, their first lieutenant, the purser, the captain’s clerk, and 23 seamen killed; and Captain Broke, a midshipman, and 56 seamen wounded.
The "Shannon" had, in addition to her full complement, an officer and 16 men belonging to the "Belle Poule," and a part of the crew belonging to the "Tenedos."
I have the honor be, &c.,
GEORGE BUDD.
Secretary of the Navy, Washington.
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Chicago: George Budd, "The Engagement of the Chesapeake and the Shannon," Westward Expansion and the War of 1812, 1803-1820 in America, Vol.5, Pp.166-168 Original Sources, accessed November 21, 2024, http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AKGEXZVDEM2CBR4.
MLA: Budd, George. "The Engagement of the "Chesapeake" and the "Shannon"." Westward Expansion and the War of 1812, 1803-1820, in America, Vol.5, Pp.166-168, Original Sources. 21 Nov. 2024. http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AKGEXZVDEM2CBR4.
Harvard: Budd, G, 'The Engagement of the "Chesapeake" and the "Shannon"' in Westward Expansion and the War of 1812, 1803-1820. cited in , America, Vol.5, Pp.166-168. Original Sources, retrieved 21 November 2024, from http://originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AKGEXZVDEM2CBR4.
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